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英語翻譯：新冠病毒疫情防控相關詞匯
一、疫病名稱
冠狀病毒
coronavirus
2019新型冠狀病毒
2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
肺炎
pneumonia
病毒性肺炎
viral pneumonia
不明原因肺炎
pneumonia of unknown etiology/cause
嚴重急性呼吸綜合征（非典）
severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)
嚴重急性呼吸道感染
severe acute respiratory infection (SARI)
急性呼吸窘迫綜合征
acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
中東呼吸綜合征
Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)
呼吸道疾病（呼吸系統疾病）
respiratory diseases
二、傳染防控
國際關注的突發公共衛生事件
Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC)
乙類傳染病
Category B infectious diseases
人傳人
person-to-person/human-to-human transmission
行走的傳染源
mobile source of infection
潛伏期
incubation/latent period
無癥狀的潛伏期
silent/asymptomatic incubation period
特定傳染病
specific infectious disease
病毒攜帶者 virus carrier
無癥狀攜帶者
asymptomatic carrier
超級傳播者
super spreader
飛沫傳播
droplet transmission
接觸傳播
contact transmission
病毒的蔓延
spread of a virus
隱性感染
covert/silent/inapparent/subclinical infection
外源性感染
exogenous infection
密切接觸者
close contact
接觸者追蹤
contact tracing
傳染途徑
route of transmission
傳播方式
mode of transmission
宿主
host
易感人群
susceptible/vulnerable population
醫院/院內感染
nosocomial infection; hospital-acquired infection
職業暴露
occupational exposure
確診病例
confirmed case
疑似病例
suspected case
散在病例
sporadic case
輸入性病例
imported case
二代病例
second-generation case
傳染性
transmissibility; infectivity
致病性
pathogenicity
疫情
epidemic; outbreak
疫區
affected area
發病
morbidity
發熱病人
patients with fever; febrile patients; fever patients
重癥
severe case
發病率
incidence rate
死亡率
mortality rate
病死率（致死率）
fatality/mortality/death rate
治愈率
recovery rate
疫情防控
epidemic prevention and control
監測體溫
to monitor body temperature
體溫檢測
to check body temperature
早發現、早隔離
early detection and early isolation
隔離治療
to receive treatment in isolation
自我隔離
to quarantine yourself in your home; self-monitored quarantine
臨床數據
clinical data
核酸檢測
nucleic acid testing (NAT)
血清診斷
serodiagnosis
自覺接受醫學觀察
to present yourself to medical observation
解除醫學觀察
to be discharged from medical observation
診斷、治療、追蹤和篩查
diagnosis, treatment, tracing and screening
預防措施
preventive measure
疫苗
vaccine
戴口罩
to wear a mask
勤洗手/仔細洗手
to wash your hands often/carefully
消毒
disinfection
避免去人多的地方
avoid crowds
健康篩查
health screening
旅行限制
travel restrictions
健康申報表
health declaration form
海鮮市場
seafood market
活體農貿市場
live animal market
濕貨市場
wet market
野味
bushmeat; game
果子貍
masked palm civet
蝙蝠
bat
竹鼠
bamboo rat
獾
badger
三、政策舉措
突發公共衛生事件
public health emergency
啟動重大突發公共衛生事件一級響應
to activate first-level public health emergency response
掌握情況，不漏一人
to have full knowledge of the situation (of the community) and leave no one unchecked
遏制疫情蔓延
to contain the outbreak
封城
A city is on lockdown./A city goes into lockdown.
延遲開學
to postpone the reopening of schools
延長春節假期
to extend the Chinese New Year holiday
（公共場所）消毒、通風以及體溫檢測
disinfection, ventilation and body temperature monitoring (in public areas)
應急醫院
makeshift hospital
火神山醫院
Huoshenshan Hospital (in Wuhan)
雷神山醫院
Leishenshan Hospital (in Wuhan)
暫停海外團隊旅行
to suspend overseas group tours
關閉景點
to close scenic spots
取消大型集會
to cancel mass gatherings
減少外出
to make fewer trips outside
控制人口流動
to curb population flow
兩周觀察期
two-week observation period
停運長途汽車
to halt long-distance buses
調減市內公交
to reduce the frequency of bus services in the city
特殊報銷政策
special reimbursement rules
緊平衡
in tight balance
醫療物資緊缺
shortage of medical supplies
日常基本生活物資
daily necessities
跨境采購
cross-border procurement
囤積食物
to stock up on food
捂貨惜售
hoarding
瞞報
to underreport
哄抬價格
price gouging
頂格處罰
the maximum penalty
四、機構、職業群體和場所名稱
世衛組織
World Health Organization (WHO)
中央應對新型冠狀病毒感染肺炎疫情工作領導小組（中央應對疫情工作領導小組）
Leading Group of the CPC Central Committee for Novel Coronavirus Prevention and Control
國家衛生健康委員會（國家衛健委）
National Health Commission (NHS)
中國疾病預防控制中心（中國疾控中心）
Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC)
國家醫療保障局（國家醫保局）
National Healthcare Security Administration (NHSA)
醫療機構
medical institution
衛生機構
health institution
醫療從業者
medical practitioner; healthcare professional
醫療人員
medical personnel; health workforce; health workers
一線醫護人員
frontline health workers
鐘南山
Zhong Nanshan, a prominent Chinese expert in respiratory diseases (and a hero of the 2003 fight against SARS)
定點醫院
designated hospitals
發熱門診
fever clinic
重癥監護病房
intensive care unit (ICU)
檢疫所
quarantine office
藥店
pharmacy; drugstore
五、病理癥狀
病理
pathology
病原體
pathogen
病毒變異
virus variation
病毒突變
virus mutation
臨床表現
clinical picture
上呼吸道感染
upper respiratory tract infection (URTI)
低氧血癥
hypoxemia; low blood oxygen
纖維化
fibrosis
肺膿腫
lung abscess
雙肺浸潤性病灶
infiltration in both lungs
發熱
fever
乏力
fatigue
干咳
dry cough
頭疼
headache
胸悶
chest distress; chest oppression
心慌
palpitations
惡心想吐
nausea
腹瀉
diarrhea
呼吸困難
dyspnea; respiratory distress; breathing difficulties
呼吸急促（氣促）
shortness of breath; panting
感染性休克
septic shock
六、器具名稱
紅外體溫測量儀
infrared thermometer
體溫檢測熱像儀
thermal imaging camera for temperature monitoring
診斷器具
diagnostic tool/kit
消毒液
disinfectant; antiseptic solution
消毒濕巾
disinfectant/antiseptic wipes
含酒精洗手液
alcohol-based hand rub/sanitizer
口罩
facemask; mask
N95口罩
N95 mask/respirator
醫用外科口罩
surgical mask
防護服
protective suit
護目鏡
goggles
一次性手套
disposable gloves
負壓救護車
negative pressure ambulance
七、其他醫學名詞
國際衛生條例
International Health Regulations (IHR)
流行病學
epidemiology
流行病學調查（流調）
epidemiological investigation
呼吸器官
respiratory organs
呼吸道
respiratory tract
消化系統
digestive system
神經系統
nervous system
腎功能
renal function
流感
influenza; flu
結膜炎
conjunctivitis; pink eye
宿疾、慢性病
chronic ailment; chronic disease
高血壓
hypertension; high blood pressure
糖尿病
diabetes; diabetes mellitus
心血管病
cardiovascular disease
基因序列
genetic sequence
基因結構
genetic structure
試劑
reagent
診斷
diagnosis
檢測樣本
test sample
醫學觀察
medical watch; medical observation
病毒分離
virus isolation
抗病毒藥
antiviral drug
退燒藥
febrifuge; antipyretic
來源：中國外文局中國翻譯研究院
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